H.3180 requires that before any sale, exchange, or transfer of a firearm, a national instant background check must be performed. The process cannot continue until the results come back in.
As is the case with virtually all gun control attempts, this bill would restrict the rights of law abiding citizens and do little to prevent violent criminal from obtaining weapons. Individuals who wish to obtain a firearm for criminal purposes are not likely to attempt to obtain that firearm in a way that requires them to undergo a background check. And even if a potential violent criminal fails a background check they can always obtain a firearm through illegal channels. In contrast, a law abiding citizen who has an immediate need of a firearm for self-defense purposes would have their fundamental right of self-defense hindered by this bill.